New ‘mini moon’ set to enter Earth’s orbit

Earth is set to play host to a “mini-moon” this week, as a small asteroid – about the length of a double decker bus – enters the planet’s orbit.

The temporary guest, called 2024 PT5, is set to arrive on September 29 and is expected to befriend the regular Moon for around two months.

Daniel Brown, associate professor in astronomy at Nottingham Trent University, said: “A mini-moon is a small object orbiting another solar system body.

“It could be either just a rock, we call asteroid, or a mixture of rock, dust and ice, we call comet.

“In either cases, we have to think about these not orbiting around us forever but for a short amount of time.”

2024 PT5 was first discovered in August last year the day before it approached Earth at a distance of 353,200 miles (568,500 km).

It belongs to the Arjuna asteroid belt, a group of space rocks in the solar system that revolves around the Sun.

Prof Brown said the mini-moon will orbit Earth for 57 days before eventually swinging out of the planet’s gravitational pull.

He said: “There is nothing explosive or dramatic happening to it for it to leave, it simply has too much energy to hang around us for too long.”

Although a temporary visitor, Earth will not see the last of this mini-moon.

Scientists predict it will be captured again by Earth’s gravity sometime in 2055.

Prof Brown said: “This is an excellent example that orbits of such small bodies in our solar systems can be quite complex, briefly joining Earth before they then again proceed on a more standard elliptical path around the Sun to again meet Earth.”

This is not the first time the Earth has had a mini-moon.

Four years ago, scientists identified another mini-moon, called 2020 CD3, which orbited the Earth for more than a year.

2024 PT5 will not be visible to the naked eye and can only be seen through telescopes used by professional astronomers.

Prof Brown said mini-moons are fairly common but “what tends to be less common is being able to observe them, as they are small, very faint and very fast moving”.

He said 2024 PT5 is a near Earth object (NEO) – a group of space rocks that pass by Earth regularly.

Astronomers track NEOs in case they are a threat to Earth in the future but experts said it is unlikely 2024 PT5 will pose suck a risk.